This patch adds 4 methods of the key_def module instance to the
`index_object.parts`, see the docbot request for details. The rest
methods (new() and totable()) are not applicable here, because the
instance is already created and pushed to the stack as a table.

Closes #7356

@TarantoolBot document
Title: `index_object.parts` methods
Product: Tarantool
Since: 3.0
Root document: https://www.tarantool.io/en/doc/latest/reference/reference_lua/box_index/parts/

`index_object.parts` has the following methods: `extract_key()`,
`compare()`, `compare_with_key()`, `merge()`.
For their description and usage examples, refer to
[Module key_def](https://www.tarantool.io/en/doc/latest/reference/reference_lua/key_def/#lua-object.key_def.key_def_object).

---

Root document: https://www.tarantool.io/en/doc/latest/reference/reference_lua/key_def/

`index_object.parts` can be used like a key_def module instance for calling
the corresponding methods. Example:

```lua
box.schema.space.create('T')
i = box.space.T:create_index('I', {parts={3, 'string', 1, 'unsigned'}})
box.space.T:insert{1, 99.5, 'X', nil, 99.5}
i.parts:extract_key(box.space.T:get({'X', 1}))
```

The code above is equivalent to:

```lua
key_def = require('key_def')
box.schema.space.create('T')
i = box.space.T:create_index('I', {parts={3, 'string', 1, 'unsigned'}})
box.space.T:insert{1, 99.5, 'X', nil, 99.5}
k = key_def.new(i.parts)
k:extract_key(box.space.T:get({'X', 1}))
```

Introduced command 'tt-list-walk'

Changes in 'tt-list' options:
- dropped options -pre/post (previously used to implement walking
  functionality; no longer needed)
- option -filter was renamed to -predicate (so it can be specified with
  just -p while previously at least -fil need to be used to avoid
  ambiguity with -fields option)

Closes #8524

NO_DOC=gdb extension
NO_TEST=gdb extension
NO_CHANGELOG=gdb extension

There is a system include file TargetConditionals.h on macOS, which
defines TARGET_OS_LINUX (and others) to 0 or 1. On the other side,
TARGET_OS_LINUX is also defined by trivia/config.h.cmake, but there it
has another possible values: undefined or 1. This inconsistency causes
issues like #8445, when TARGET_OS_LINUX is defined (to 0) in one file
and undefined in another. Let's always define it to 0 or 1.

Closes #8445

NO_DOC=bugfix

This commit adds two new Lua functions:
 - `box.malloc.info()` is a public function that returns the total
   memory usage of internal data structures allocated with `malloc()`.
   This information is extracted from the `malloc_info()` output.
   See the doc bot request for details.
 - `box.malloc.internal.info()` is an internal function that returns
   a parsed XML document returned by `malloc_info()` as is. It isn't
   documented. We may need it to get the detailed information about
   the system memory allocator.

Both functions are useful only on Linux and only if ASAN is disabled
because otherwise `malloc_info()` is unavailable. On other platforms
`box.malloc.info()` reports zero memory usage while `internal.info()`
returns an empty table.

Closes #7311

@TarantoolBot document
Title: Document `box.malloc.info()`

`box.malloc.info()` is a function that returns a table with two fields:

```
tarantool> box.malloc.info()
---
- size: 2498560
  used: 1835726
...
```

The `used` value is the total amount of memory in bytes allocated by
Tarantool for internal data structures with [`malloc()`][1].

The `size` value is the total amount of memory in bytes allocated from
the system by the `malloc()` allocator. It may not be less than `used`.

The function may be used before `box.cfg()` is called.

Currently, the function is available only on Linux. On other systems it
reports zero memory usage (`{size = 0, used = 0}`).

[1]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/malloc.3.html

We need an XML parser to parse the string returned by malloc_info.
This commit implements a simple parser in Lua C that transforms
an XML string into a Lua table. The parser is available both from
C (luaT_xml_decode) and Lua (internal.xml.decode).

Needed for #7311

NO_DOC=internal
NO_CHANGELOG=internal

This patch limits the amount of allocated memory in the built-in
REPLACE() function.

Follow-up tarantool/security#119

NO_DOC=bugfix
NO_CHANGELOG=already exists

Function tuple_extract_key_raw for nullable partially sequential key_def
can extract wrong key from tuples without trailing nils. Fortunately,
it does not affect tarantool - tuple_extract_key_raw is used only with
cmp_def, which ends with non-nullable primary key definition, hence
contains no trailing nils.

Closes #8504

NO_CHANGELOG=no visible changes
NO_DOC=no visible changes

For an unknown reason default fio.open() mode used to be set as
0777 & umask that basically equals 18, meaning no read/write/execute
rights for anyone.

Now the default is 0666 before umask, meaning read and write access.

Closes #7981

NO_DOC=bugfix

Provide the `report-job-status` action with the `job-name` param to get
the direct link to the failed job in the failure message.

NO_DOC=ci
NO_TEST=ci
NO_CHANGELOG=ci

Call the `checkout` action with the `path` param to avoid the following
error:

  Error: File was unable to be removed Error: EACCES: permission denied,
  unlink '/home/runner/work/tarantool/tarantool/build-out/csv_fuzzer'

NO_DOC=ci
NO_TEST=ci
NO_CHANGELOG=ci

NO_DOC=ci
NO_TEST=ci
NO_CHANGELOG=ci

Closes #8523

NO_DOC=gdb extension
NO_TEST=gdb extension
NO_CHANGELOG=gdb extension

This patch introduces the SHOW CREATE TABLE statement. This statement
can be used to obtain a description of a space in the form of a
corresponding CREATE TABLE and CREATE INDEX statements.

Closes #8098

@TarantoolBot document
Title: SHOW CREATE TABLE statement

Statement can be used to obtain a description of a space in the form of
a corresponding `CREATE TABLE` and `CREATE INDEX` statements. Result
will be in form of set of statements and set of found errors. If errors
were not detected, set of the statements should be enough to completely
serialize space definition.

There is two types of `SHOW CREATE TABLE` statement:
1) Get a description of a single space:
```
SHOW CREATE TABLE table_name;
```

This statement can be used to obtain a description of a space in the
form of the corresponding `CREATE TABLE` and `CREATE INDEX` statements.
The result will be in the form of a set of statements and a set of found
errors. If no errors are found, the set of statements should be
sufficient to fully serialize the space definition. Otherwise, it will
certainly not be a complete space definition, and a `CREATE TABLE`
statement is generally not guaranteed to be syntactically correct.

2) Get descriptions of all available non-system spaces:
```
SHOW CREATE TABLE;
```

This statement returns descriptions for each available non-system space
in the form described above.

In some cases we need to convert a string to upper case (e.g., when
normalizing a lower-case field name for SQL): add helper functions
that do this in-place or by creating a copy of the original string.

Needed for #8098

NO_DOC=internal
NO_CHANGELOG=internal

We have the limited hardware resources with macOS 12, and full testing
is time-consuming. So let's check only the release build on the x86_64
platform.

NO_DOC=ci
NO_TEST=ci
NO_CHANGELOG=ci

All tests were updated according to tarantool/luatest@930b63b. So this
should resolve the problem with Unix socket collisions that we tried to
fix, for example, in tarantool/tarantool@7ac2685.

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

Bump test-run to new version with the following improvements:

- Properly ignore Unix sockets on artifact saving [1]
- Bump luatest to 0.5.7-34-g930b63b [2]

[1] tarantool/test-run@3afaccc
[2] tarantool/test-run@02c4828

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

This reverts commit 7ac2685b.

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

NO_CHANGELOG=changelog
NO_DOC=changelog
NO_TEST=changelog

Refactor the way how we run various debugger scenarios, getting rid
of external static file, and producing debuggee scripts on the fly.
The idea is to have everything in the single source: both source
script to be used for debugging, and corresponding debugger commands.

NO_DOC=internal
NO_CHANGELOG=internal

It's frequently needed to see interaction of a luatest script
and its chield launched via popen.
Now we display extra debugging information received from
children pipes directly to the parent screen. It's hidden
by default by luatest (if everything goes well), but could
be displayed with `luatest -c` option.

```
luatest -c -v app-luatest/console_debugger_session_test.lua
```

NO_DOC=internal
NO_CHANGELOG=internal

NO_DOC=Test update
NO_CHANGELOG=Test update

Rework "running tests with built-in package" assert since now checks is
a callable table package with subpackages instead of a single function.

NO_DOC=No tagged version since checks initial embedding
NO_CHANGELOG=No tagged version since checks initial embedding

This patch replaces the type for some int and uint32_t values with
size_t to avoid problems with integer overflow.

Closes tarantool/security#119

NO_DOC=bugfix

Skip unstable tests of `replication-luatest/linearizable_test.lua` due
to tarantool-qa#277.

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

The fixed tests often failed with

  fail | 2023-03-01 15:54:30.550 [3724975] main/103/server_instance.lua
  F> can't initialize storage: unlink, called on fd 63,
  aka unix/:(socket), peer of unix/:(socket): Address already in use

We fixed a similar issue in commit 3d3e9dea ("test: fix flaky
box-luatest/gh_7917_log_row_on_recovery_error_test") by using unique
instance names. Let's do the same here.

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

Server API from the luatest has been changed: `server:clean()` method
has been removed. Use `server:drop()` instead.

Follows up tarantool/luatest#296

NO_DOC=test fix
NO_TEST=test fix
NO_CHANGELOG=test fix

Bump test-run to new version with the following improvements:

- Bump luatest to 0.5.7-33-g8523e5c [1]

[1] tarantool/test-run@7db594d

Part of tarantool/luatest#296

NO_DOC=testing stuff
NO_TEST=testing stuff
NO_CHANGELOG=testing stuff

Tuples that have been inserted into system spaces after the _space
definition has been inserted into _space have the same format as the
space into which they were inserted. However, previously inserted tuples
have an incomplete tuple format with parts missing. One piece that is
missing information is the JSON token, which is used to determine the
number of fields.

The tarantoolsqlIdxKeyCompare() function contains the correct checks for
the case when the number of fields from the format is equal to or less
than the fieldno field, but uses tuple_format_field() before this check,
resulting in an assertion.

This patch forces tarantoolsqlIdxKeyCompare() to call
tuple_format_field() only after checking that fieldno is less than
field_count.

Closes #8418

NO_DOC=Bugfix in debug.

This may result in invalid statistics if there's more than 4 GB
allocated for index extents.

Fixes commit a75f4b7e ("memtx: introduce read view statistics").
Follow-up #8501
Coverity report 1537026, 1537027.

NO_DOC=bug fix
NO_CHANGELOG=unreleased
NO_TEST=complicated; checked by coverity

Allow to register tweaks for variables of type double. Such tweak can be
set to any integer or double value.

Follow-up #7883

NO_DOC=internal
NO_TEST=internal
NO_CHANGELOG=internal

To make changelog preparation less stressful let's pass each and every
change to changelogs/ directly through the doc team.

NO_CHANGELOG=no code changes
NO_TEST=no code changes
NO_DOC=no code changes

Fix grammar, punctuation, and wording

NO_CHANGELOG=changelog
NO_DOC=changelog
NO_TEST=changelog

* Add an extra step that should be considered as a workaround for the
  runner agent (ChristopherHX/github-act-runner) that is used on FreeBSD
  machines. Without it, env.ARTIFACT_EXISTS will be undefined for some
  reason.

* In the s3-upload-artifact action change `if: env.ARTIFACT_EXISTS` to
  `if: env.ARTIFACT_EXISTS == 'true'` to be compatible with the FreeBSD
  runner agent.

Follows up tarantool/multivac#116

NO_DOC=ci
NO_TEST=ci
NO_CHANGELOG=ci

Add a new possible value for `bootstrap_strategy` configuration option -
"config". When bootstrap_strategy is "config", the user may use
`bootstrap_leader` configuration option to specify the URI or UUID of
the desired bootstrap leader.

Closes #7999

@TarantoolBot document
Title: new configuration option - `bootstrap_leader`.

Configuration receives a new parameter - `bootstrap_leader`. The
parameter specifies the desired node to bootstrap from.

The parameter is valid only when another option - `bootstrap_strategy` -
is set to `'config'`.
The user may pass either the bootstrap leader's URI or its UUID string.

If bootstrap leader is passed as a UUID, the node will bootstrap from
the peer whose UUID matches the given one.

If bootstrap leader is passed as a URI, the URI must contain the same
host:port pair (or unix socket path) used for this node in
`box.cfg.replication`. In this case the node will bootstrap from the
remote peer listed in the corresponding replication entry.

For example, this call will return an error:
```lua
box.cfg{
    bootstrap_strategy = 'config',
    bootstrap_leader = 'localhost:3301',
    replication = {'127.0.0.1:3301'},
}
```
But this call will succeed:
```lua
box.cfg{
    bootstrap_strategy = 'config',
    bootstrap_leader = 127.0.0.1:3301',
    replication = {'127.0.0.1:3301'},
}
```
In the example above, setting either or both of `bootstrap_leader` and
`replication` to `"user:password@127.0.0.1:3301` will work just fine,
i.e. only the bootstrap leader's host and port are matched against
replication entries.

If `bootstrap_leader` points at the instance being configured, the same
URI entry for the instance must still be present in `replication`
configuration parameter, like this:
```lua
box.cfg{
    listen = 'localhost:1234',
    bootstrap_leader = 'localhost:1234',
    replication = {'localhost:1234', ...},
}
```
The only exception to this is setting `bootstrap_leader` to the same
UUID as instance_uuid, like this:
```lua
box.cfg{
    listen = 'something',
    bootstrap_leader = '11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111',
    instance_uuid = '11111111-1111-1111-1111-111111111111',
```
In this case the node will bootstrap the cluster on its own.

The test will include test cases for other possible bootstrap
strategies, so rename it properly. Doing this in a separate commit
helps to minimize the diff.

In-scope-of #7999

NO_DOC=test rename
NO_TEST=test rename
NO_CHANGELOG=test rename

replicaset_connect() sleeps in a loop while waiting for the connections
to be established and checks a bunch of conditions in between the loop
cycles to check if it can proceed (with either a success or a failure).

The conditions are already quite complicated and multiple, but it's
going to get worse with the addition of bootstrap_strategy "config" and
"supervised": during bootstrap replicaset_connect() will proceed as soon
as the configured bootstrap leader is connected.

Factor all these checks out to a helper function for simplicity.

Part-of #7999

NO_DOC=refactoring
NO_TEST=refactoring
NO_CHANGELOG=refactoring

Add uri_is_nil() and uri_addr_is_equal() helpers.

In-scope-of #7999

NO_DOC=not user-visible
NO_TEST=tested implicitly in the next commit
NO_CHANGELOG=not user-visible

Some time ago we decided that new checkers added to box_check_config()
shouldn't throw. Instead they return -1 and box_check_config() raises an
error.

box_check_uuid() will be used in one of the upcoming checkers, so make
it return -1 and set diag in case of error.

Since it's used by box_check_instance_uuid() and
box_check_replicaset_uuid(), fix them as well.

In-scope-of #7999

NO_DOC=refactoring
NO_TEST=refactoring
NO_CHANGELOG=refactoring

Checking a single uri will be needed in upcoming commits.

In-scope-of #7999

NO_DOC=refactoring
NO_TEST=refactoring
NO_CHANGELOG=refactoring