sql: rework CHAR_LENGTH() function

The CHAR_LENGTH() and CHARACTER_LENGTH() functions now use ICU functions
to determine the length of a string.

Part of #4145

@TarantoolBot document
Title: Invalid UTF-8 values and ICU

Invalid UTF-8 values may be handled differently depending on the ICU
version. For example, for this request:
```
SELECT CHAR_LENGTH(CAST(x'f0808080' AS STRING));
```

On `centos 7` with `libicu-devel-50.2-4.el7_7.x86_64` the result will
be:
```
tarantool> box.execute([[SELECT CHAR_LENGTH(CAST(x'f0808080' AS STRING));]])
---
- metadata:
  - name: COLUMN_1
    type: integer
  rows:
  - [1]
...
```

On `ubuntu 20.04` with `libicu-dev` version `66.1-2ubuntu2` the result
will be:
```
tarantool> box.execute([[SELECT CHAR_LENGTH(CAST(x'f0808080' AS STRING));]])
---
- metadata:
  - name: COLUMN_1
    type: integer
  rows:
  - [4]
...
```