box: introduce fixed-size numeric field types

See the docbot request for details.

Closes #9548

@TarantoolBot document
Title: Document fixed-size numeric field types
Product: Tarantool
Since: 3.1
Root document: https://www.tarantool.io/en/doc/latest/concepts/data_model/value_store/#field-type-details

 ### Fixed-size field types

Tarantool supports the following fixed-size numeric field types:

 * `uint8`: integer in range [0 .. 255]
 * `int8`: integer in range [-128 .. 127]
 * `uint16`: integer in range [0 .. 65,535]
 * `int16`: integer in range [-32,768 .. 32,767]
 * `uint32`: integer in range [0 .. 4,294,967,295]
 * `int32`: integer in range [-2,147,483,648 .. 2,147,483,647]
 * `uint64`: integer in range [0 .. 18,446,744,073,709,551,615]
 * `int64`: integer in range [-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 ..
                               9,223,372,036,854,775,807]
 * `float32`: 32-bit floating point number
 * `float64`: 64-bit floating point number

These types don't affect how data is stored in Tarantool's memtx or vinyl
engines but they enforce the limits when a tuple is inserted or updated.