diff --git a/changelogs/unreleased/gh-6778-vinyl-recovery-crash.md b/changelogs/unreleased/gh-6778-vinyl-recovery-crash.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cb336b1ca6e745d091fb44c94a2715b33f21b248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelogs/unreleased/gh-6778-vinyl-recovery-crash.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+## bugfix/vinyl
+
+* Fixed crash during recovery of a secondary index in case the primary index
+  contains incompatible phantom tuples (gh-6778).
diff --git a/src/box/vinyl.c b/src/box/vinyl.c
index 4b90ee57fae10f2097acead445a421eb1f929694..5d04a0b1e9c566feee464f701a1ba59dea19e798 100644
--- a/src/box/vinyl.c
+++ b/src/box/vinyl.c
@@ -4101,6 +4101,7 @@ vy_build_recover_stmt(struct vy_lsm *lsm, struct vy_lsm *pk,
 static int
 vy_build_recover_mem(struct vy_lsm *lsm, struct vy_lsm *pk, struct vy_mem *mem)
 {
+	assert(lsm->dump_lsn >= 0);
 	/*
 	 * Recover statements starting from the oldest one.
 	 * Key order doesn't matter so we simply iterate over
@@ -4131,6 +4132,18 @@ vy_build_recover_mem(struct vy_lsm *lsm, struct vy_lsm *pk, struct vy_mem *mem)
 static int
 vy_build_recover(struct vy_env *env, struct vy_lsm *lsm, struct vy_lsm *pk)
 {
+	if (lsm->dump_lsn < 0) {
+		/*
+		 * The new index was never dumped, because the space's empty
+		 * so there's nothing to do.
+		 *
+		 * Note: the primary index may still have some cancelling
+		 * each other statements; we shouldn't try to apply them,
+		 * because they may be incompatible with the new index.
+		 */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	int rc = 0;
 	struct vy_mem *mem;
 	size_t mem_used_before, mem_used_after;
diff --git a/test/vinyl-luatest/gh_6778_recovery_crash_test.lua b/test/vinyl-luatest/gh_6778_recovery_crash_test.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..328700b25bcfab5a0e1dc7b51c46f1d501ab814b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/vinyl-luatest/gh_6778_recovery_crash_test.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+local common = require('test.vinyl-luatest.common')
+local server = require('test.luatest_helpers.server')
+local t = require('luatest')
+local g = t.group()
+
+g.before_test('test_recovery_crash', function()
+    g.server = server:new({
+        alias = 'master',
+        box_cfg = common.default_box_cfg(),
+    })
+    g.server:start()
+end)
+
+g.after_test('test_recovery_crash', function()
+    g.server:drop()
+end)
+
+g.test_recovery_crash = function()
+    g.server:exec(function()
+        local s = box.schema.create_space('test', {engine = 'vinyl'})
+        s:create_index('pk')
+        s:replace{0}
+        s:delete{0}
+        s:create_index('sk', {parts = {{2, 'unsigned'}}})
+    end)
+    g.server:restart()
+    g.server:exec(function()
+        local t = require('luatest')
+        local s = box.space.test
+        t.assert_equals(s.index.pk:select(), {})
+        t.assert_equals(s.index.sk:select(), {})
+    end)
+end